Foamy metal: Metallic material containing foamy pores
Compared with powder sintered porous metals, foam metal has higher porosity and larger pore size, up to 7 mm. Because metal foam is a two-phase composite material composed of a metal matrix skeleton continuous phase and a porosity dispersed phase or continuous phase, its properties depend on the metal matrix, porosity and porosity structure used, and are affected by the preparation process.
Generally, the mechanical properties of metal foam decrease with the increase of porosity, and its electrical and thermal conductivity also decrease exponentially. When the metal foam is under pressure, the increase of force area caused by porosity collapse and the strain hardening effect of the material make the metal foam have excellent impact energy absorption characteristics. Foam metal can be prepared by foaming method and electroplating method. The former is made by adding foaming agent to melt metal. The latter is reproduced as foam metal on a polyurethane foam skeleton by an electrodeposition process. The foam metals that have been used are aluminum, nickel and their alloys. Aluminum foam and its alloy are light, with sound absorption, heat insulation, vibration absorption, shock energy absorption and electromagnetic wave and other characteristics, suitable for missile, aircraft and its recovered parts of the impact protection layer, automobile buffer, electronic mechanical vibration absorption device, pulse power electromagnetic wave shielding cover. Nickel foam due to the connected porosity structure and high porosity, so it has high permeability, high specific surface area and capillary force, as a functional material, used in the production of fluid filters, atomizers, catalytic converters, battery electrode plates and heat exchangers.
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